|
Chemical |
Formula |
Application |
AW |
|
Activated carbon |
C |
Taste and odor control |
12 |
| Aluminum hydroxide |
Al(OH)3
|
Coagulation |
78.0 |
| Aluminum sulfate |
Al2(SO4)
3·14.3 H2O
|
Coagulation |
600 |
|
Ammonia |
NH3 |
Chloramine disinfection |
17 |
| Ammonium sulfate |
(NH4)2SO4
|
Coagulation |
132 |
| Calcium bicarbonate |
Ca(HCO3)2
|
Softening |
162 |
| Calcium carbonate |
CaCO3
|
Softening |
100 |
|
Calcium hydroxide (=Lime) |
Ca(OH)2 |
Softening |
74.1 |
| Calcium hypochlorite |
Ca(OCl)2·2H2O
|
Disinfection |
179 |
|
Calcium oxide (=Lime) |
CaO |
Softening |
56.1 |
| Calcium sulfate (=gypsum) |
CaSO4
|
Softening |
136 |
| Carbon dioxide |
CO2
|
Recarbonation |
44 |
|
Chlorine |
Cl2 |
Disinfection |
71 |
| Chlorine dioxide |
ClO2
|
Taste and odor control |
67 |
|
Copper sulfate |
CuSO4 |
Algae control |
160 |
| Ferric chloride |
FeCl3
|
Coagulation |
162 |
| Ferric hydroxide |
Fe(OH)3
|
Coagulation |
107 |
|
Ferric sulfate |
Fe2(SO4)3 |
Coagulation |
400 |
| Ferrous sulfate |
FeSO4·7 H2O
|
Coagulation |
278 |
|
Fluosilicic acid |
H2SiF6 |
Fluoridation |
144 |
|
Hydrochloric acid |
HCL |
pH adjustment |
36.5 |
| Magnesium carbonate |
MgCO3
|
Softening |
84.3 |
| Magnesium hydroxide |
Mg(OH)2
|
Softening, Defluoridation |
58.3 |
| Magnesium sulfate (=Epsom salt) |
MgSO4
|
Softening |
120 |
|
Oxygen |
O2 |
Aeration |
32 |
| Potassium permanganate |
KMnO4
|
Oxidation |
158 |
|
Sodium aluminate |
NaAlO2 |
Coagulation |
82 |
| Sodium bicarbonate |
NaHCO3
|
pH adjustment |
84 |
|
Sodium carbonate (=Soda ash) |
Na2CO3 |
Softening |
106 |
| Sodium chloride |
NaCl
|
Ion exchanger regeneration |
58.4 |
|
Sodium fluoride |
NaF |
Fluoridation |
42 |
| Sodium fluosilicate |
Na2SiF6
|
Fluoridation |
188 |
|
Sodium hexametaphosphate |
(NaPO3)n |
Corrosion control |
* |
| Sodium hydroxide |
NaOH
|
pH adjustment |
40 |
|
Sodium hypochlorite |
NaOCl |
Disinfection |
74.4 |
| Sodium silicate |
Na4SiO4
|
Coagulation aid |
184 |
| Sodium sulfate (=Glauber's salt) |
Na2SO4
|
Softening |
142 |
|
Sodium thiosulfate |
Na2S2O3 |
Dechlorination |
158 |
| Sulfur dioxide |
SO2
|
Dechlorination |
64.1 |
|
Sulfuric acid |
H2SO4 |
pH adjustment |
98.1 |
|
Chemical |
Formula |
Application |
AW |
